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Footnotes: St. Louis in 1861

In the footnotes, "OR" refers to “The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies” which can be accessed online at Cornell University's Making of America website.

  1. Duke, Reminiscences, p. 36.
  2. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 2.
  3. Fuenfhausen, Missouri's Little Dixie, accessed at http://littledixie.net/index.htm
  4. Hurt, Missouri's Little Dixie, p. 103, 108, 123.
  5. Hurt, Missouri's Little Dixie, p. 215.
  6. Kennedy, 1860 US Census, Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 43.
  7. Leopard and Shoemaker, Missouri Governor Messages, p. 321-323; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, and Missouri in 1861, p. ix.
  8. McCabe, Seymour and Blair, p. 302.
  9. McCabe, Seymour and Blair, p. 304.
  10. Leopard and Shoemaker, Missouri Governor Messages, p 331.
  11. McCabe, Seymour and Blair, p. 318.
  12. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 108.
  13. Leopard and Shoemaker, Missouri Governor Messages, p 321-322, 328, 331, 333-334, 338-339.
  14. Leopard and Shoemaker, Missouri Governor Messages, p. 322.
  15. McCabe, Seymour and Blair, p. 326; Gilmore, Civil War on the Missouri-Kansas Border, p. 110-111.
  16. Duke, Reminiscences, p. 37; Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 79.
  17. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 30
  18. Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 79.
  19. Duke, Reminiscences, p. 37.
  20. Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 66.
  21. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 31.
  22. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 192; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 32-33.
  23. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 32
  24. Shoemaker, Eminent Missourians, 194
  25. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 104-105.
  26. Engle, Yankee Dutchman, p. 19-23, 32, 42, 53, 63-65, 72-78, 116, 121.
  27. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 106.
  28. OR, Series 1, Volume I, p. 305-306, 308-309; OR, Series 3, Volume I, p. 67.
  29. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 147; OR, Series 3, Volume I, p. 67-69.
  30. OR, Series 1, Volume LI, Part 1, p. 350; OR, Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 488-489
  31. OR Series 1, Volume LI, Part 1, p. 350; OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 669.
  32. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 670.
  33. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 675; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 221.
  34. Gilmore, Civil War on the Missouri-Kansas Border, p. 112-113; Phillips, Missouri's Confederate : Claiborne Fox Jackson, p. 247-251; OR, Series 1, Volume III, p. 4-5.
  35. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 151, 163; Duke, Reminiscences, p. 50-51.
  36. POR Series 2, Volume I, p. 109-110.
  37. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 168; Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 111; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 225; Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 50-52.
  38. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 225-227.
  39. Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 55-57; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 109-110.
  40. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 231-232; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 113-114.
  41. Bevier, History of the First and Second Missouri Confederate Brigades, p. 291
  42. Sherman, Memoirs, p. 168-174./li>
  43. Grant, Personal Memoirs, p. 187-190.
  44. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 153-158; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 233; Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 108; Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 62-63.
  45. Sherman, Memoirs, p. 168-174.
  46. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 153-158; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 233; Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 108; Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 62-63.
  47. Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 68.
  48. McCausland, The Battle of Lexington as Seen by a Woman, p. 127.
  49. Grant, Personal Memoirs, p. 187-190.
  50. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 155.
  51. OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 107-109..
  52. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 7-8..
  53. Bevier, History of the First and Second Missouri Confederate Brigades, p. 291.
  54. Grant, Personal Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 193, 210-211.
  55. Grant, Personal Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 234.
  56. Grant, Personal Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 270-281.
  57. Anderson, Story of a Border City, p. 28-31; Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 27.
  58. Ewing, Dred Scott Decision, p. 24.
  59. Ewing, Dred Scott Decision, p. 24; Lawson, American State Trials, p. 222-223, 231.
  60. Lawson, American State Trials, p. 233-238.
  61. Lawson, American State Trials, p. 242, 252.
  62. Finkelman, Dred Scott v. Sandford, p. 26; US Supreme Court, Dred Scott v. Sandford, paragraphs 22, 26, 31, 34, 202.
  63. Douglass, Two Speeches by Frederick Douglass, p. 31, 42-43.
  64. Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 114; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis, p. 239.
  65. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 9.
  66. OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 111-112.
  67. Bartley, St. Louis Lost, p. 21; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, and Missouri in 1861, p. 82; McElroy, Struggle for Missouri, p. 57; Kargau et al, German Element in St. Louis, p. 67; Duke, Reminiscences, p. 38-39.
  68. Lewis, Sherman: Fighting Prophet, p. 138.
  69. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 155-156.
  70. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 167-168.
  71. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 168-169.
  72. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 170.
  73. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 170-171.
  74. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 171-172.
  75. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 172.
  76. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 173-174.
  77. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 174; Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 2, p. 410.
  78. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 2, p. 439-441, 459.
  79. Leopard, Missouri Governor Messages, p 338-339; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 137-138, 146-147, 150, 168.
  80. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 171-172.
  81. State of Missouri, Journal of the Missouri State Convention, p. 281.
  82. Bartley, St. Louis Lost, 33-35.
  83. Phillips, Damned Yankee, p. 214; Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 197-200; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 243, 248; Phillips, Missouri's Confederate : Claiborne Fox Jackson, p. 256-257.
  84. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 177; Gerteis, Civil War St. Louis, p. 115; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 184.
  85. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 179.
  86. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 371-372.
  87. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 374-375.
  88. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 204-205; OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 375-376.
  89. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 191.
  90. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 194.
  91. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 194.
  92. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 209-210.
  93. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 211-219.
  94. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 213.
  95. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 211-219; OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 376.
  96. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 222; Phillips, Damned Yankee, p. 208.
  97. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 222-225.
  98. OR Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 493.
  99. OR Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 381.
  100. Phillips, Damned Yankee, p. 211; Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 197-198; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 243.
  101. Phillips, Damned Yankee, p. 212; Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 197-198; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 245.
  102. Phillips, Damned Yankee, p. 214; Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 197-200; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 243, 248; Phillips, Missouri's Confederate : Claiborne Fox Jackson, p. 256-257.
  103. Snead, The Fight for Missouri, p. 200-201; Gilmore, Civil War on the Missouri-Kansas Border, p. 118; Phillips, Missouri's Confederate : Claiborne Fox Jackson, p. 257-258; Stevens, Centennial History of Missouri, p. 754; Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 117.
  104. Snead, The Struggle for Missouri, p 201-206.
  105. Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, p. 236-241; Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 28-29.
  106. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 107-108.
  107. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 15, 33, 61-63.
  108. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 66.
  109. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 87-88; Chisholm, Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 13, p. 194.
  110. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 104-107.
  111. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 125-127, 129.
  112. Freitag, Friedrich Hecker, p. 207, 219-221.
  113. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 193; Duke, Reminiscences, p. 38; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 36.
  114. Duke, Reminiscences, p. 38; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 42-43.
  115. Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri. p. 17.
  116. Duke, Reminiscences, p. 37.
  117. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 144; Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 41-42,43-47, 53.
  118. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 114.
  119. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 43-45; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 142-143.
  120. OR Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 482.
  121. OR Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 483.
  122. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 117
  123. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 130-132.
  124. OR, Series 1, Volume I, p. 653.
  125. OR, Series 1, Volume I, p. 654.
  126. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 656; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 106
  127. Woodward, Life of General Nathaniel Lyon, p. 242.
  128. OR, Series 1, Volume I, p. 666-668.
  129. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 667; Adamson, Rebellion in Missouri, p. 36.
  130. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 147; Duke, Reminiscences, p. 44.
  131. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 688.
  132. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 150-152.
  133. OR, Series 1, Volume LI, Part 1, p. 350;OR, Series 1, Volume LIII, p. 488-489.
  134. OR Series 1, Volume I, p. 675.
  135. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 221.
  136. Fusco, The Story of the Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery, p. 2-3, 19.
  137. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 64-67.
  138. Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, p. 553-558.
  139. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, and Missouri in 1861, p. 242-243.
  140. Simpson, Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 272-273; OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 1, p. 434-439.
  141. OR Series 1, Volume XLVIII, Part 1, p. 478; OR Series 1, Volume XLVIII, Part 2, p. 160, 180, 183, 545, 703, 864, 993.
  142. Dyer, Dyer's Compendium, p. 1000, 1732-1733.
  143. Garland, Ulysses S. Grant, p. 57-60.
  144. Garland, Ulysses S. Grant, p. 57-60, 109; Grant, Personal Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 193.
  145. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 64-67.
  146. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 108-109.
  147. Scharf, History of St. Louis, p. 932-935, 941-943.
  148. Faust, The German Element in the United States, p. 523.
  149. Scharf, History of St. Louis, p. 941-943.
  150. Scharf, History of St. Louis, p. 941-943.
  151. Scharf, History of St. Louis, p. 942; Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 109.
  152. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 73-75.
  153. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 540.
  154. OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 459.
  155. Stillwell, The Story Of A Common Soldier, p. 26.
  156. Kiner, One Years Soldiering, p. 7, 11-13, 16.
  157. Western Sanitary Commission, p. 9-10, 13-14.
  158. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 72-73.
  159. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 95.
  160. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 94, 171, 260.
  161. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 297.
  162. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 295-298.
  163. OR Series 2, Volume IV, p. 295-298.
  164. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 111-112.
  165. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 113.
  166. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 114.
  167. Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 43-45; Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 142-143.
  168. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 231-232; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 113-114.
  169. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 140; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 554; Shea, Fields of Blood, p. 291.
  170. Lewis, Sherman: Fighting Prophet, p. 138; Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 155-156; Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 167-168.
  171. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 168-169.
  172. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 170.
  173. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 170-171.
  174. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 171-172.
  175. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 172.
  176. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 173-174.
  177. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 1, p. 174; Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 2, p. 410.
  178. Sherman, Memoirs, Volume 2, p. 439-441, 459.
  179. Ewing, Dred Scott Decision, p. 24.
  180. Ewing, Dred Scott Decision, p. 24; Lawson, American State Trials, p. 222-223, 231, 233-238, 242, 252; Finkelman, Dred Scott v. Sandford, p. 26; US Supreme Court, Dred Scott v. Sandford, paragraphs 22, 26, 31, 34, 202.
  181. Snead, The Fight For Missouri, p. 30-33; McElroy, The Struggle For Missouri, p. 26-27.
  182. McElroy, The Struggle For Missouri, p. 26-27, 136; Parrish, History of Missouri, p. 49-51.
  183. Edwards, Shelby and His Men, p. 467-474.
  184. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 110.
  185. Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 68-71, 80-81; Dyer, Dyer's Compendium, p. 1321; OR Series 1, Volume XIII, p. 175-177, 192-193; U.S. Secretary of War, Missouri Troops In Service During The Civil War, p. 110.
  186. Hinton, Rebel Invasion of Missouri and Kansas, p. 345-348; Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 74-75; OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 402, 412.
  187. OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 13, 545, 211-219; OR Series 1, Volume XXII, Part 1, p. 816-819, 860-866; OR Series 1, Volume XXII, Part 2, p. 3-5; Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 319; Mudd, With Porter in North Missouri, p. 247-267.
  188. OR Series 1, Volume XIII, p. 224; Violette, Battle of Kirksville, p. 110.
  189. Monnett, Action Before Westport, p. 86; OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 1, p. 333-337, 371-372; Hinton, Rebel Invasion of Missouri and Kansas, p. 347.
  190. OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 1, p. 337, 372; OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 1, p. 203-204, 224-225; Monnett, Action Before Westport, p. 117-120; Hinton, Rebel Invasion of Missouri and Kansas, p. 347.
  191. Snead, The fight For Missouri, p. 184; Eicher and Eicher, Civil War High Commands, p. 231-32.
  192. Shoemaker, Eminent Missourians, 194.
  193. Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 124, 130; Lowry, Tarnished Eagles, p. 108-110.
  194. Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 124, 130; Lowry, Tarnished Eagles, p. 108-110.
  195. Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 219; Lowry, Tarnished Eagles, p. 108-110.
  196. OR Series 1, Volume XVII, Part 1, p. 657; OR Series 1, Volume XXXI, Part 2, p. 606-607; Lowry, Tarnished Eagles, p. 108-110.
  197. Winter, Civil War in st. Louis, p. 118.
  198. OR Series 1, Volume IV, p. 176, 349, 358; OR Series 1, Volume VII, p. 927-928.
  199. OR Series 1, Volume VII, p. 425; OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 605; OR Series 1, Volume X, Part 1, p. 108-110, 672-677; OR Series 1, Volume X, Part 2, p. 28-29, 47.
  200. OR Series 1, Volume XVI, Part 1, p. 5-67; OR Series 1, Volume XVI, Part 1, p. 654-655; Grant, Personal Memoirs, Volume 2, p. 121.
  201. Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 119, Bull, Missouri Brothers In Gray, p. 143; OR Series 2, Volume I, p. 114-116.
  202. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 25, 186; OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 285, 300, 310, 319, 324, 327; OR Series 1, Volume XXII, Part 1, p. 154-156; Holcombe and Adams, An Account of the Battle of Wilson's Creek, p. 102.
  203. OR Series 1, Volume XXII, Part 1, p. 194-198, 207-211.
  204. Ellis, Norwich University, p. 267, Peckham, Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, p. 150; OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 545.
  205. OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 405; OR Series 1, Volume XIII, p. 453.
  206. Simpson, Annual Report of the Adjutant-General of Missouri, p. 224; Fullenkamp, Guide to the Vicksburg Campaign, p. 463; OR Series 1, Volume XXIV, Part 2, p. 152.
  207. OR Series 1, Volume XXXI, Part 1, p. 595.
  208. OR Series 1, Volume XXXVIII, p. 376; OR Series 1, Volume XXXIX, p. 169; Dyer, Dyer's Compendium, p. 1344, 1721; OR Series 1, Volume XLVIII, Part 1 p. 587, 1301; OR Series 1, Volume XLVIII, Part 2 p. 347.
  209. OR Series 1, Volume VII, p. 930-931; OR Series 1, Volume X, Part 2, p. 139; OR Series 1, Volume X, Part 1, p. 709-711; OR Series 1, Volume XVI, Part 2, p. 993; OR Series 1, Volume XVII, Part 1, p. 601-621, 725-727.
  210. OR Series 1, Volume XXIII, Part 2, p. 593, OR Series 1, Volume XXXIV, Part 1, p. 303-314.
  211. OR Series 1, Volume XXXIX, Part 1, p. 248-254; OR Series 1, Volume XXXIX, Part 2, p. 179; OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 3, p. 46, 75, 88, 95, 105, 113, 117-118; OR Series 1, Volume XLI, Part 1, p. 307-323.
  212. OR Series 1, Volume XLV, Part 1, p. 32, 432-437.
  213. OR Series 1, Volume XLIX, Part 1, p. 228-230, 593.
  214. Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, p. 288-297; Lawson, American State Trials, p. 240.
  215. Rombauer, The Union Cause In St. Louis In 1861, p. 148, 246, 290; Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, p. 288-297.
  216. Ropes, The Army Under Pope, p. 4; Harper's Weekly, 1862, p. 577.
  217. OR Series 1, Volume III, p. 415; OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 38-40, 403.
  218. OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 77-90, 566, 570.
  219. OR Series 1, Volume XII, Part 3, p. 435, 473-474.
  220. OR Series 1, Volume XII, Part 2, p. 551-560.
  221. OR Series 1, Volume XII, Part 3, p. 811-813; OR Series 1, Volume XIII, p. 617.
  222. Bay, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, p. 236-241; Winter, Civil War in St. Louis, p. 28-29.
  223. Allen, Thomas Lowndes Snead, p. 5009-5023.
  224. Demuth, The History of Pettis County, p. 48-49; Reavis, Saint Louis, p. 321-323.
  225. Demuth, The History of Pettis County, p. 48-49; Reavis, Saint Louis, p. 321-330.
  226. OR Series 1, Volume VIII, p. 367-368.
  227. Demuth, The History of Pettis County, p. 48-49; Reavis, Saint Louis, p. 321-330; Engineers Committee, St. Louis-East St. Louis Railroad Terminals, p. 29-32.
  228. Roosevelt, Thomas Hart Benton, p. 23, 32, 35, 42; Meigs, The Life Of Thomas Hart Benton, p. 71-77; James, Life of Andrew Jackson, p. 152-154.
  229. Roosevelt, Thomas Hart Benton, p. 35, 42; Meigs, The Life Of Thomas Hart Benton, p. 88, 133, 141, 324.
  230. Meigs, The Life Of Thomas Hart Benton, p. 335.
  231. Meigs, The Life Of Thomas Hart Benton, p. 337-338.
  232. Meigs, The Life Of Thomas Hart Benton, p. 413-414.

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