Confederate - The Army of Missouri [34]
commanded by Major-General Sterling Price
- Fagan's Division commanded by Major-General James F. Fagan
- Cabell's Brigade commanded by Brigadier-General William L. Cabel
- Dobbin's Brigade commanded by Colonel Archibald S. Dobbin
- Slemons' Brigade commanded by Colonel William F. Slemons
- McCray's Brigade commanded by Colonel Thomsa H. Cabel
- There were also two unattached regiment and one unattached battalion.
- Marmaduke's Division commanded by Major-General John S. Marmaduke
- Marmaduke's Brigade commanded by Brigadier-General John B. Clark, Jr.
- Freeman's Brigade commanded by Colonel Thomas R. Freeman
- There was also one unattached regiment.
- Shelby's Division commanded by Brigadier-General Jo Shelby
- Shelby's Iron Brigade commanded by Colonel David Shanks
- Jackman's Brigade commanded by Colonel Sidney D. Jackman
- Tyler's Brigade commanded by Colonel Charles H. Tyler
- There was also one unattached regiment.
Federal - Ewing's Detachment [35]
commanded by Brigadier-General Thomas Ewing, Jr.
- 47th Missouri Infantry Regiment commanded by Colonel Thomas C. Fletcher
- Third Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiment commanded by Major James Wilson
- 14th Iowa Infantry Regiment commanded by Captain William J. Campbell
- Company F, 50th Missouri Infantry Regiment commanded by Captain Robert Lindsay
- Company G, First Missouri State Militia Infantry Regiment commanded by Lieutenant John Fessler
- Company L, Second Missouri State Militia Cavalry Regiment commanded by Lieutenant J. A. Rice
- Battery H, Second Missouri Light Artillery commanded by Captain William C. F. Montgomery
- A number of civilians participated in the defense of Fort Davidson
